Not & Pronoun ব্যবহার: নিয়ম, ব্যাখ্যা ও প্রশ্নসমূহ ( লেখক ও জনস্বার্থে: Master Jahangir Alam)
মূল নিয়ম:
Not সাধারণত noun বা noun phrase-এর আগে বসে, কিন্তু pronoun এর পরে বসে।
এটি বিশেষভাবে ব্যবহৃত হয়:
- Interrogative Sentence (প্রশ্নবোধক)
- Imperative Sentence (আদেশসূচক)
- Optative Sentence (আশীর্বাদ/অভিশাপসূচক)
- Inverted Conditional Sentence (উল্টানো শর্তযুক্ত বাক্য)
Interrogative Sentence Examples:
Does not Rina/Bony go to school regularly?
Has not Rina/Bony returned home yet?
Does he/she not go to school regularly?
Has he/she not returned home yet?
Contracted form হলে Pronoun-এর আগে বসতে পারে:
- Doesn’t he/she go to school?
- Hasn’t he/she returned home yet?
Exam-based Translation & MCQ Examples:
তুমি কি আমার জন্য অপেক্ষা করবে না?
[মৎস্য অধিদপ্তরের কম্পিউটার অপারেটর ২০১১]
A. Will you not wait for me?
B. Will not you wait for me?
C. Will you wait for me?
D. Will you wait for to me?
Ans: A
সে কি মাছ পছন্দ করে না?
[MBSTU A 12-13
A. He does not like fish?
B. Doesn’t he like fish?
C. Do he like fish?
D. Do he not like fish?
Ans: B অথবা Does he not like fish?
She cooks rice. (Make it negative-interrogative)
[RU BBA 03-04]
Ans: Does she not cook rice.
He went home. (Make it negative-interrogative)
[RU 07-08]
Ans: Did he not go home?
The interrogative form of the sentence ‘He is a great scholar’ is – [সহকারী পরিবার পরিকল্পনা কর্মকর্তা ২০১২]
A. Is he a great scholar?
B. Is he not a great scholar?
C. Is he a big scholar?
D. Is not he a great scholar?
Ans: B
We are proud of our freedom fighters. (Make it interrogative) [৬ষ্ঠ শিক্ষক নিবন্ধন ২০১০]
A. Are we proud of our freedom fighters?
B. Are we not proud of our freedom fighters?
C. Are not we proud of our freedom fighters?
D. Don’t we proud of our freedom fighters?
Ans: B
He did it. (Make it interrogative) [IU D 15-16]
A. Did he do it? B. Did he not do it?
C. Could I not do it? D. Must I not do it?
Ans: B
Negative Imperative Sentence:
Verb-এর object যদি pronoun হয়, তবে object-এর পরে Not বসে।
Active: Don’t hate him.
Passive: Let him not be hated.
The passive form of ‘Don’t do it’ is-
[১১তম শিক্ষক নিবন্ধন ২০১১]
A. Let not it be done. B. Let it be not done.
C. Let it be done not. D. Let it not be done.
Ans: D
Optative Sentence:
May he not suffer.
(সে যেন কষ্ট না পায়)
Inverted Conditional Sentence:
Had he not resigned, we would have been forced to sack him.
[DU A 12-13]
বি.দ্র: Contracted form (Hadn’t he) এ ধরনের formal context-এ ব্যবহার হয় না।
Rakib would certainly have attended the proceedings had he not had a flat tire.
[CU C1 14-15, JU E 16-17]
সারসংক্ষেপ:
| Structure Type | Not-এর অবস্থান |
|---|---|
| With noun | Not + Noun |
| With pronoun | Pronoun + Not |
| Contracted Form | Not বা n’t + Pronoun (আগে বসে) |
| Imperative (Passive) | Let + Pronoun + not + be + Verb3 |
| Optative Sentence | May + Pronoun + not + Verb |
| Inverted Conditional | Had/Should + Pronoun + not + Verb |